Objective: To analyze the epidemic status of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) virus in Zhengzhou from 2017 to 2019, and to provide reference for the clinical formulation of prevention measures of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Methods: The clinical data of 237 AIDS patients reported by in Zhengzhou medical and health institutions from 2017 to 2019 were collected, and the epidemiological characteristics of HIV and their prevention and treatment measures were analyzed. Results： Among the 237 AIDS patients, the number of AIDS patients in 2019 was the highest (40.93%), followed by 2018 (34.18%) and 2017 (24.89%). In the 3 years, 67.51% of AIDS patients were male and 32.49% were female. 40.92% of patients aged were between 20 and 30 years, 28.69% of patients aged were between 30 and 40 years, and only 1.69% were over 60 years old. From the perspective of occupation, 48.10% were farmers, 19.83% were waiters, and only 1.69% were civil servants. The transmission routes were sexual transmission (40.51%), blood transmission (29.96%) and other transmission (29.53%). Conclusion: In this city, young adults aged between 20 and 40 years old have a high incidence of HIV infection. Among them, males are higher than females and their occupations are mainly farmers. The way of infection is mainly through sexual transmission. The above population should be taken as the focus of prevention and control in clinical practice, and health promotion and corresponding protective measures should be taken actively to reduce the transmission of HIV.