KANGGANRAN YAOXUE

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  • 2019 Volume 16 Issue 1
    Published: 25 January 2019
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  • Evaluation of Clinical Medication of Penicillins Skin Test and Its Clinical Value
    LIU Fang, DONG Jie, LI Yu-mei, LI Yi
    2019, 16(1): 1-5. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2019.01-001
    Abstract ( 77 ) Download PDF ( 4 )   Knowledge map   Save
    Penicillin antibiotics are widely used in clinic. However, due to "penicillin allergy history", the reasonable use of such drugs in patients is restricted. Penicillin skin test is an effective method to determine whether penicillin is allergic or not. The literatures on clinical use of penicillin in skin tests were reviewed and its clinical value is analyzed.
  • Reseach Advances on Evaluation of Clinical Efficacy of Matrine in Patients of Chronic Viral Hepatitis
    ZHANG Ming-fa, SHEN Ya-qin
    2019, 16(1): 5-5. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2019.01-002
    Abstract ( 72 ) Download PDF ( 4 )   Knowledge map   Save
    Matrine has been used extensively for the treatment of viral hepatitis. Clinical efficacy of matrine on viral hepatitis is better than Kuhuang Injection and Yinzhihuang Injection; better than or slightly better than diammonium glycyrrhizinate, corresponding to interferon, lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil. Matrine may decrease the occurrences of adverse effects of interferon or diammonium glycyrrhizinate. Ursodeoxycholate or adenosylmethionine may increase clinical efficacy of matrine for treatment of viral hepatitis. Recovery rate of TBil of matrine is higher than Kuhuang Injection, Yinzhihuang Injection, diammonium glycyrrhizinate; this may be relative to accelerating biliation of matrine. The literatures of clinical efficacy of matrine in viral hepatitis are reviewed and its research progress is analyzed.
  • Study on Anti-oxidant Enzyme Activities of Polysaccharide from Mori Cortex in Mice
    DENG Hua, DENG Bin
    2019, 16(1): 10-12. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2019.01-003
    Abstract ( 76 ) Download PDF ( 5 )   Knowledge map   Save
    Objective: To study the anti-oxidant enzyme activities of polysaccharide from Mori Cortex in mice. Methods: Taking 40 mice of Kunming species. They were randomly divided into 4 groups (i.e. 0.9% sodium chloride solution control group and the polysaccharides from Cortex Mori high, medium and low dose groups. After 20 days of administration in groups.The right amount of heart blood was taken(cervical dislocated and it executed) in mice; separating, serum detecting in the serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) content. Results: The activity of SOD and TAOC obviously increased and the levels of MDA decreased in serum of polysaccharides from Cortex Mori group mouse. Conclusion: Polysaccharides from Cortex Mori had the function of removing lipid peroxide in vivo, which could improve the abnormal peroxidation state in mice and alleviate its effect on body peroxidation injury.
  • Determination of Borneolum Syntheticum in Panax Notoginseng Shangyao Tablet from Different Manufacturers by GC
    CHEN Yan
    2019, 16(1): 12-15. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2019.01-004
    Abstract ( 70 ) Download PDF ( 4 )   Knowledge map   Save
    Objective: To establish a gas chromatographic method for the determination of Borneolum Syntheticum in Panax Notoginseng tablets. Methods: Gas chromatography: Agilent DB-waxetr polyethylene glycol (PEG) gas phase capillary column (30 m×250 μm, 0.25 μm) and hydrogen flame ionization method were used to determine the content of Borneolum Syntheticum from Panax notoginseng tablets. Results: In Panax Notoginseng tablets, the content of Borneolum Syntheticum showed a good linear relationship between the range of 23.61 and 787.13 μg/mL. The average recovery was 97.2% (RSD was 0.87%), and the content of Borneolum Syntheticum in each Panax Notoginseng tablet was between 0.11 and 1.13 mg. Conclusion: The method was accurate, stable and reliable. It could be used for determining the content of Borneolum Syntheticum from Panax Notoginseng tablet. It provided technical guidance for quality control of Panax Notoginseng tablets.
  • Rationlity Analysis of Prophylactic Antimicrobial Agents before and after Evaluation in Patients with Type I and II incision in A Hospital
    WANG Shuang, ZHANG Xin
    2019, 16(1): 16-19. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2019.01-005
    Abstract ( 73 ) Download PDF ( 6 )   Knowledge map   Save
    Objective: To analyze the Rationlity of prophylactic antimicrobial agents before and after evaluation in patients with type I and II incision in a hospital, and to provides a reference for the rational use of clinical antibacterial drugs. Methods: Data of 2 101 patients undergoing class I and II incision surgery in hospital from March 1, 2017 to July 31, 2017 were selected as the control group. In addition, data of 2 503 patients undergoing class I and II incision surgery from March 1 to July 31, 2018 were selected as the comment group. The difference of utilization rate, variety, timing, administration frequency and treatment course of prophylactic antibacterials were compared between the two groups. Results: I classes of antimicrobial drugs to prevent incision utilization rate in comment group patients was 26.98% was lower than in control group of 69.99% (P<0.05). The reasonable rate of 80.98% was lower than that of 55.42% in the control group (P<0.05). II class incision antibacterial drug prevention of the reasonable rate in comment group patients was 87.65% was lower than the control group of 74.80% (P<0.05). Conclusion: Through pharmacist's comment and intervention, the irrational use of antibiotics in perioperative period of class I and II incision was effectively curbed; the rationality of perioperative antibiotics application in class I and II incision was greatly improved, the proportion of antibiotics was further reduced, and the clinical use of antibiotics in our hospital was standardized.
  • A Meta-analysis on Efficacy and Safety of Miglilol in Treating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Acarbose
    HUANG He, FANG Shu-hua, WANG Na, YU Shao-shuai, CHEN Xin-cheng
    2019, 16(1): 20-25. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2019.01-006
    Abstract ( 82 ) Download PDF ( 10 )   Knowledge map   Save
    Objective: Meta-analysis was performed to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of miglilol in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with acarbose, so as to provide evidence-based references for clinical treatment. Methods: The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, Chinese journal full-text database, wanfang database and Wipp database were retrieved by computer. Keywords are miglitol, acarbose and type 2 diabetes mellitus, etc. Miglilol, acarbose and type 2 diabetes were used as key words. A randomized controlled study (RCT) literature on the use of miglilol in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (acarbose) was searched, the literature was screened, the data were extracted, and the risk of bias in the included study was evaluated. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: 12 RCT literatures were included, with a total of 973 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that (1) the improvement value of glycosylated hemoglobin (MD=–0.59, 95% Cl(–0.94,–0.24), P<0.01) in the miglilol group was significantly higher than that in the acarbose group; (2) the incidence of adverse reactions in the miglilol group (RR=0.40, 95% Cl (0.27, 0 60), P<0.01) was significantly lower than that in the acarbose group; (3) there was no significant difference in fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose and body mass index between the miglilol group and the acarbose group (P>0.05). Conclusion: The efficacy and safety of miglilol in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients are better than those of acarbose. However, limited by the number and quality of samples included in the study, more high-quality studies are needed for verification.
  • Analysis on Distribution and Drug Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria in Patients with Urinary System Infection in Kashgar Prefecture of Xinjiang
    SHI Ying-xin, LI Yan-yan, LI Zhi-gang
    2019, 16(1): 26-30. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2019.01-007
    Abstract ( 89 ) Download PDF ( 5 )   Knowledge map   Save
    Objective: To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in patients with urinary system in hospital, and to discuss the distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in patients with urinary system infection in this region, so as to provide reference for clinical treatment of patients with urinary system disease in hospital. Methods: The data of 860 cases of inpatients in the urology department of the No.2 people's hospital of Kashi, Xinjiang from September 2016 to March 2017 were extracted, and the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and their resistance to antimicrobial agents were analyzed retrospectively. Results: From samples of 860 patients with urinary system (mainly Uygur and infants occupied higher) 194 strains were isolated, of which 151 strains of gram-negative bacteria accounted for 77.83%, 105 strains of E. coli (69.54%), 20 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae (13.24%), acid producing Klebsiella 7 strains (4.64%), 4 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii (2.65%), SingμLar Proteus 4 cases), accounting for 2.65%;39 gram-positive strains accounted for 20.10% and 4 Fungi accounted for 2.06%. Escherichia coli showed high resistance to penicillin and cephalosporins, but high sensitivity to carbapenems, while low resistance to piperacilin-tazobactam and amikacin, and high resistance to antibiotics in gram-positive bacteria such as enterococcus faecalis. No drug resistance was found in candida albicans. Conclusion: The pathogenic bacteria causing urinary tract infection in this region were widely distributed, and the main pathogenic bacteria were Gram-negative bacteria, and their resistance to antimicrobial drugs was serious. Meanwhile, the drug resistance spectrum of Uygur population was slightly higher than that of Han population. Sensitive drug therapy should be selected according to the guidance of bacteriology during clinical treatment, and rational drug therapy should be selected according to the epidemic trend of infection and drug resistance before the pathogen is identified.
  • Comparison on Rationality and Effectiveness of Prophylactic Antibiotics in Patients of Type I Incision Operation before and after Interventions
    CHEN Liang, YE Yu-lu, LI Yong-chang, CHEN Shui-ping
    2019, 16(1): 31-35. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2019.01-008
    Abstract ( 71 ) Download PDF ( 8 )   Knowledge map   Save
    Objective: To compare the rationality and effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in patients of type Ⅰincision operation before and after pharmaceutical and administrative interventions and to provide reference for further strengthening management. Methods: Data on the prophylactic use of antimicrobial agents in patients with type I incision surgery from October and December 2015 and October ato December 2017 were selected to compare and analyze the utilization rate of antimicrobial agents, the variety of use, the timing of drug use and the rationality and effect of the course of treatment. Results: After combined intervention, the utilization rate of antimicrobial prophylaxis in patients undergoing hospital type I incision operation was 26.26%, lower than 33.77% before intervention (P<0.05). The variety, time and course of medication were more reasonable than those before intervention.
  • Analysis on Reasons of Prescriptions Review for Improving Irrational Medication of Antibiotics in Hospitals and Its Countermeasures
    DONG Yan, WANG Hai-yan, YAO Jie, ZHOU Feng, MIN Qi-ping
    2019, 16(1): 36-39. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2019.01-009
    Abstract ( 68 ) Download PDF ( 5 )   Knowledge map   Save
    Objective: To analyze the reasons of prescription review for improving the irrational medication of antibiotics in hospital and its countermeasures. Methods: 3 719 antimicrobial prescriptions (1 600 in the 1st quarter and 2 119 in the 2nd quarter) were selected in the 1 st and 2 nd quarter of 2018. The differences of irrational medication rate and causes between the two quarters were compared, thus to putting forward improvement measures. Results: In the 1st and 2nd quarter of 2018, 3 719 antibiotics prescriptions were issued in outpatient clinic. The main departments were pulmonary, dermatology & STD, emergency and occupational disease, of which the irrational prescription rate of animal bite, fatty liver and infectious disease department was high. The rate of antibiotics application without infection indication in the 2nd quarter of 2018 was lower than that in the 1st quarter,while unreasonable drug selection rate was higher.However, the prescriptions of non-standardized disease diagnosis and unreasonable combination of antimicrobial prescriptions appeared. Conclusion: The unreasonable choice of antibiotics may be related to the lack of antibiotics medication indications or knowledge of doctors. Hospital administrative departments should strengthen the training of knowledge about antibiotics usage, disseminate knowledge about diseases and pharmacotherapy, and conduct in-hospital lectures so as to curb or avoid the occurrence of unreasonable prescriptions.
  • Analysis on Reason of Off-label Medication in 208 Prescriptions of Atomized Inhalant and Its Management Recommendations
    CHENG Yan, CUI Chun-mei, YAO Lu, YANG Yan-yi, HUANG Li-qun, LEI Zhao-bao
    2019, 16(1): 40-43. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2019.01-010
    Abstract ( 76 ) Download PDF ( 5 )   Knowledge map   Save
    Objective: To investigate and analyze the reasons of off-label medication of atomized inhalants in primary hospital out-patient, and to provide reference for standardized management of atomized inhalants. Methods: 28 578 prescriptions were selected from the outpatient department of the hospital from may to December, 2018. The data of gender and age of patients, drug varieties of atomized inhalation, number of cases of individual administration, number of cases of combined administration, and number of daily atomized inhalation administration were collected. The risks of off-label drug use of atomized inhalation were described in combination with literature, and management Suggestions were put forward. Results: Among the 28 578 hospital prescriptions, 208 prescriptions of atomized inhalation agents accounted for 0.73%, of which more female patients received atomized treatment.The frequency of atomized inhalation drugs and injections for atomized inhalation administration (off-label drug use) accounted for 50%, and 172 cases of double-atomized inhalation administration accounted for 82.69%. Conclusion: The proportion of off-label use of atomized inhalant in primary hospitals is relatively high. Administrative departments should strengthen the standardized management of off-label use of atomized inhalant to ensure the safety of drug use in patients.
  • Analysis on Effects of Root Cause Analysis in Management of Missing Cases of Nosocomial Infection and Its Countermeasures
    GAO Nan
    2019, 16(1): 70-72. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2019.01-022
    Abstract ( 69 ) Download PDF ( 14 )   Knowledge map   Save
    Objective: To study the application value of root cause analysis in the management of missing cases of nosocomial infection. Methods: The nosocomial infection cases before and after the implementation of Root cause analysis (from January to December 2016) and after the implementation (from January to December 2017) were selected as the objects, and the difference between failure rates before and after the implementation was compared. Results: After the implementation, the alarm failure rate was 0.66%, which was significantly lower than 4.51% before the implementation, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: In the management of missed cases of nosocomial infection, the management of root cause analysis method is implemented to find the root cause of missed cases, and corrective measures are accordingly taken to reduce the missing report rates, which is helpful for the nosocomial infection management department to better carry out the management and control of nosocomial infection.
  • Clinical Analysis on 33 AIDS Patients with Disseminated Penicilliosis Marneffei Disease and Its Influence on Anti-fungal Therapy
    WANG Xing, DONG Ming-liang
    2019, 16(1): 72-75. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2019.01-023
    Abstract ( 61 ) Download PDF ( 12 )   Knowledge map   Save
    Objective: To analyze the characteristics, features and therapeutic effects of disseminated Penicilliosis Marneffei with AIDS in Quanzhou area of Fujian. Methods: Data of 33 AIDS patients with disseminated penicillium marneffei admitted from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2017 were selected. Based on different treatment methods, the data were divided into the amphotericin treatment group (n=19) and the voriconazole treatment group (n=14). The time of onset, clinical symptoms and signs, and the difference of survival rate after antifungal therapy were analyzed. Results: After amphotericin and voriconazole treatment, the survival rate in the voriconazole treatment group was higher than that of the amphotericin treatment group, but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: In AIDS patients with disseminated Marneffei penicillium there were on the no typical clinical features, early finding and treatment on time, on can effectively improve the survival of patients; voriconazole or amphotericin were effective drugs for the treatment of Marneffei penicillium patients, but in the late of HIV/AIDS patients with Marneffei penicillium disease, in the safety of the use voriconazole had greater advantage than amphotericin.
  • Analysis on Cause of Leukopenia in Patient Induced by Piperacillin and Tazobactam Sodium for Injection and Its Countermeasures
    KUANG Wei, SU Qiang, TANG Li-guo, XIAN Rong-mei
    2019, 16(1): 98-100. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2019.01-033
    Abstract ( 120 ) Download PDF ( 6 )   Knowledge map   Save
    Objective: To study the occurrence time, severity and feasible treatment of leukopenia induced by piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium for injection in clinic and to analyze its possible mechanism, so as to provide reference for the treatment of similar clinical cases. Methods: During the clinical diagnosis and treatment, a typical case of leukopenia caused by piperacilin-tazobactam sodium was analyzed. Results: After 6 days of piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium for injection, leukopenia was found in this case. Continuing to use for 18 days and having oral leukocyte-raising drugs, the patient's leukocytes are still sharply lower than before, after withdrawal of symptomatic treatment, the patient returned to normal after 3 days. Conclusion: For patients with long-term high-dose administration of piperacillin-tazobactam sodium, it is necessary to pay close attention to the clinical symptoms of patients and regularly conduct the blood routine, so as to detect the occurrence of adverse reactions as early as possible, and stop the drug or symptomatic treatment on time.
  • Efficacy of Entecavir on Hepatic Injury Induced by Anti-TB Drugs in Patients with TB and HBV Carriers and Its influence on Liver Function
    YIN Sheng-cai
    2019, 16(1): 107-110. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2019.01-037
    Abstract ( 63 ) Download PDF ( 4 )   Knowledge map   Save
    Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of entecavir on hepatic injury induced by anti-TB drugs in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis(TB) and HBV carriers and its influence on liver function. Methods: Data of 108 cases of TB patients with HBV were selected from March 2015 to February 2017. Based on different methods of medication, they were divided into control group and observation group, with 54 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with conventional anti-tuberculosis drugs, and the patients in the observation group were treated with entecavir on the basis of the control group. The differences in the total effective rate, incidence of liver injury and occurrence time of liver injury between the two groups after treatment were compared; the changes in measured values of liver function indexes before and after treatment were also compared. Results: Observation group after treatment in patients with total effective rate was better than that of control group (94.45% vs 79.62%) (χ2=5.252, P<0.05), liver function (ALT, AST and TBIL) every index levels measured value was significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.05). The time of liver injury in the observation group was significantly later than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the incidence of liver injury was significantly lower than that in the control group (2=8.185, P<0.05). Conclusion: Entecavir has a definite preventive effect on liver injury caused by anti-tuberculosis treatment for tuberculosis patients with HBV, which can effectively accelerate the recovery of liver function, delay the occurrence time of liver injury and reduce the risk of liver injury.
  • Influence of Glucocorticoid on Bone Metabolism in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome
    YI Ling, WEN Li-fang, ZENG Hai-jiang, HUANG Yubo, LU Zhao-ping
    2019, 16(1): 110-113. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2019.01-038
    Abstract ( 68 ) Download PDF ( 9 )   Knowledge map   Save
    Objective: To study the influence of glucocorticoid (GC) on bone metabolism in children with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS). Methods: Data of 36 children with PNS admitted from June 2016 to December 2017 were selected and included in the observation group, and glucocorticoid therapy was given. The data of 36 healthy children admitted in the same period were included in the control group. The differences in bone metabolism indexes (BGP, PTH, 1,25-(OH)D and BALP) between the two groups were compared, as well as the differences in clinical total effective rate between the observation group after treatment were also compared. Results: The total effective rate of children in the observation group after GC treatment was 83.33(16/36). Compared with the control group, the values of BGP and PTH in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group at each treatment stage, while the values of BALP, 1,25 -(OH)D were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group before GC treatment, the BGP, PTH and 1, 25 -(OH)D values of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group after the urine protein turned negative and the sustained remission reached 5 months, while the BALP was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). BGP, PTH and 1, 25-(OH)D values in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while BALP was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Children with PNS had abnormal bone metabolism, which was affected by glucocorticoid therapy, leading ing in increased BGP, PTH and 1, 25 -(OH)D levels, while significantly decreased BALP levels.