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  • 2023 Volume 20 Issue 4
    Published: 25 April 2023
      
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  • Research Progress in Pharmacological Effects and Mechanism of Berberine against Liver Cancer
    ZHANG Ming-fa, SHEN Yaqin
    2023, 20(4): 335-340. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2023.04-001
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    Berberine is a biologically active substance with a wide range of pharmacological effects. In addition to anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antidiarrheal, antihypertensive, antihypoxic, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects, berberine also has antitumor effects. In recent years, the domestic and foreign scientific research teams have conducted many in-depth studies of berberine in the field of anti-liver cancer, and published many important findings. This article summarizes the pharmacological effects and mechanism of berberine against liver cancer in animals and humans, and conducts analysis of related studies.
  • Research Progress in Immune Mechanism and Treatment Method of AIDS and COVID-19*1
    ZHANG Xin-tong, LI Xin, NIU Ya-yan
    2023, 20(4): 341-349. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2023.04-002
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    Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a public health problem that seriously poses threat to human health and greatly affects the economic development and social stability of various countries across the world. Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a severe global fulminating infectious disease that suddenly broke out in recent years, has caused a great impact on the human health and economic and social development in the world. Global scientists have conducted in-depth studies of the pathogenesis and prevention methods of AIDS and COVID-19, and have made many key breakthroughs; but there are still many unclear aspects. This article summarizes and compares the immune mechanism and antiviral treatment of AIDS and COVID-19, and provides reference for further exploring the immune mechanism and antiviral treatment of AIDS and COVID-19.
  • Methodological Study on Determination of Main Active Ingredients in Pujixiaodu Decoction Based on High Performance Liquid Chromatography*1
    ZHANG Hui-yue, SUN Lei, WU Ji-yong
    2023, 20(4): 350-354. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2023.04-003
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    Objective: To establish a method for assay of main active ingredients such as hesperidin, baicalin, berberine hydrochloride and arctiin in Pujixiaodu decoction (PJXDD) based on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and provide reference for the quality evaluation of PJXDD. Methods: The Agilent 1260 HPLC system was used, the chromatographic column was AgiLent ZORBAX SB-C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm), and the mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution; a gradient elution was performed at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and a column temperature of 30 ℃, the regression equations of hesperidin, baicalin, berberine hydrochloride and arctiin were obtained, and the precision, repeatability and stability of the determination method was investigated. Results: The experimental results showed that the regression equations of hesperidin, baicalin, berberine hydrochloride and arctiin were A=54.99ρ+4.11 (r=0.999 9), A=47.25ρ-6.66 (r=0.999 9) , A=46.95ρ-12.40 (r=0.999 6) and A=173.37ρ-31.03 (r=0.999 9) respectively; the results of precision test showed that the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of A values of hesperidin, baicalin, berberine hydrochloride and arctiin were 0.89%, 0.22%, 0.52%, and 0.86% respectively; the repeatability test results showed that the RSDs of the contents of hesperidin, baicalin, berberine hydrochloride, and arctiin were 0.99%, 0.23%, 0.63% and 0.89% respectively; the stability test results showed that the RSDs of the contents of hesperidin, baicalin, berberine hydrochloride and arctiin were 0.86%, 0.34%, 0.83% and 0.61% respectively. Conclusion: The HPLC based on the current conditions and parameters can be used to accurately determine the contents of main active ingredients such as hesperidin, baicalin, berberine hydrochloride and arctiin in PJXDD, and the method has good precision, repeatability and stability.
  • Influence of Multidisciplinary Consultation Involved by Clinical Pharmacists on Patients with Severe Infection Caused by Multi-Drug Resistance Organisms and Analysis of Pharmaceutical Care of Typical Cases*1
    FAN Cai-xia, LI Zheng-lin, GONG Li
    2023, 20(4): 355-359. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2023.04-004
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    Objective: To evaluate the influence of multidisciplinary consultation involved by clinical pharmacists on patients with severe infection caused by multi-drug resistance organisms (MDROs) and analyze pharmaceutical care of typical cases. Methods: 104 patients admitted to the hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 with severe infection caused by MDROs who received multidisciplinary consultation involved by clinical pharmacists were selected as the intervention group, and 110 patients with severe infection caused by MDROs who had not received multidisciplinary consultation involved by clinical pharmacists were selected as the control group. The infection sites, distribution of pathogenic bacteria, treatment outcomes and adverse reactions of patients were compared between the two groups, and the pharmaceutical care process of typical cases was analyzed. Results: The infection sites of patients in the intervention group and the control group were mainly respiratory system (36 cases vs 40 cases), urinary system (17 cases vs 16 cases), central nervous system (13 cases vs 11 cases) and hematologic system (9 cases vs 10 cases). The pathogenic bacteria were mainly Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (84 cases vs 85 cases), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (21 cases vs 24 cases) and Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (15 cases vs 19 cases), but the differences between them were not statistically significant (P>0.05); the treatment outcomes showed that the total effective rate of treatment of patients in the intervention group was higher than that of patients in the control group (89.42% vs 71.82%, P<0.05); during the treatment, the incidence of adverse drug reactions of patients in the intervention group was lower than that of patients in the control group (18.27% vs 30.91%, P<0.05); in addition, clinical pharmacists participated in the multidisciplinary consultation of patients with severe infections, and proposed many useful suggestions for the clinic practices; meanwhile, they carried out pharmaceutical care to ensure the medication safety and therapeutic effect of patients. Conclusion: Severe infections caused by MDROs mainly involve the respiratory system, urinary system, central nervous system and hematologic system, and the pathogenic bacteria are mainly Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. Clinical pharmacists who participate in multidisciplinary consultation and carry out pharmaceutical care can help the clinicians to formulate a more reasonable anti-infection treatment plan, so as to ensure the medication safety and therapeutic effect of patients.
  • Pharmaceutical Care of Anti-Infection Therapy in One Patient with Sepsis after Joint Replacement
    HUANG Yu, ZHONG You, LUO Zi-zhang, ZHOU Wen-qiang
    2023, 20(4): 360-363. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2023.04-005
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    Objective: To analyze the pharmaceutical care process of anti-infection therapy in a patient with sepsis after joint replacement, and provide reference for the clinical treatment of similar patients. Methods: One patient was admitted to the hospital due to a fall-induced intertrochanteric fracture, and then underwent artificial femoral head replacement. After the operation, the patient developed fever and wound redness and swelling, and Escherichia coli was detected in blood culture. The multidisciplinary consultation indicated "sepsis". The clinical pharmacists recommended vancomycin combined with meropenem for anti-infection therapy based on the patient's conditions, and the patient was transferred to the ICU immediately; during the treatment, since the patient had kidney disease and required dialysis treatment, the clinical pharmacists recommended adjustment of the dosage of vancomycin and meropenem with the rhythm of dialysis treatment. Results: After 2 weeks of treatment with vancomycin and meropenem, the patient's body temperature returned to normal, the blood culture result turned negative, and other symptoms and indicators returned to normal basically, so the patient was discharged from the hospital. Conclusion: Sepsis is a serious infectious disease and may endanger a patient's life. As the member of multidisciplinary consultation team, clinical pharmacists can assist clinicians in developing a scientific and reasonable anti-infection treatment plan based on their professional expertise in pharmacy, carry out pharmaceutical care to follow up the treatment process and ensure the treatment effect of patients.
  • Analysis of Clinical Characteristics of Adverse Drug Reactions Related to Antibacterial Drugs in a Hospital from 2020 to 2021
    YU Zhi-peng, TAN Jin-feng, ZHANG Jie-ting, MIAO Yong-sheng
    2023, 20(4): 364-367. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2023.04-006
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    Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) related to antibacterial drugs and provide reference for the rational and safe use of antibacterial drugs in the clinic. Methods: The antibacterial drug-related ADRs of 141 patients reported by the Suzhou Branch, Affiliated BenQ Medical Center of Nanjing Medical University from 2020-2021 in the National Drug Safety Monitoring System were chosen; the gender and age distribution, involved organs (or systems), clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes of patients with ADRs, and the types, dosage forms and methods of administration of related antibacterial drugs were statistically analyzed. Results: Among the 141 patients with ADRs, there were more women than men (87 cases vs 54 cases), and most of them were elder than 30-40 years old (43 cases, 30.50%) and elder than 60 years old (31 cases, 21.99%). The ADRs of the 141 patients mainly involved the skin and its appendages (80 cases, 56.74%) and gastrointestinal system (23 cases, 16.31%); after treatment, their ADRs were improved (50 cases, 35.46%) or recovered (91 cases, 64.54%). The types of antibacterial drugs related to the ADRs mainly included quinolones (49 cases, 34.75%), cephalosporins (35 cases, 24.82%), penicillins (28 cases, 19.86%) and macrolides (16 cases, 11.35%); the main dosage forms of drugs were injections (87 cases, 61.70%), tablets (27 cases, 19.15%) and powder injections (21 cases, 14.89%), so the main method of administration was intravenous administration (108 cases, 76.60%). Conclusion: The ADRs reported by the hospital mainly involve quinolones, cephalosporins, penicillins and macrolides, and the ADRs mainly occur during the intravenous administration. In addition, ADRs mainly involve the skin and its appendages and gastrointestinal system of patients. Therefore, the key drugs and the main ADRs should be monitored in priority during the anti-infection treatment, so that the ADRs can be managed quickly to ensure the medication safety of patients.
  • Analysis of Literature Reports on Moxifloxacin-induced Anaphylactic Shock
    GE Hong-xing, LEI Zhao-bao
    2023, 20(4): 368-371. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2023.04-007
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    Objective: To analyze the characteristics and regularity of moxifloxacin-induced anaphylactic shock and provide reference for clinical safe medication. Methods: The literature search was conducted by using the keywords such as "moxifloxacin", "anaphylactic shock", "shock", "adverse reaction" and "severe allergic reaction" from the China Hospital Knowledge Database (CHKD), Wanfang Database and Chinese Sci-tech Journal Full-text Database, and relevant literatures were screened, to analyze the characteristics and regularity of moxifloxacin-induced anaphylactic shock. Results: A total of 22 case reports of moxifloxacin-induced anaphylactic shock were searched, among which, the number of women was slightly more than men (13cases vs 9 cases), and most of them were elder than 50-70 years (15 cases, 68.18%). There were 11 patients with anaphylactic shock caused by oral and intravenous administration of moxifloxacin. The moxifloxacin-induced anaphylactic shock mainly occurred within 30 minutes after the first administration (17 cases, 77.27%), which mainly involved the circulatory system and central nervous system. All patients with moxifloxacin-induced anaphylactic shock recovered well and had good outcomes. Conclusion: Moxifloxacin-induced anaphylactic shock mainly occurs in women and middle-aged and elderly patients, and mainly involves the circulatory system and central nervous system. Clinical monitoring should be strengthened when moxifloxacin is used, to deal with the adverse drug reactions in a timely manner and reduce harms to patients.
  • Analysis of 226 Suggestions for Medication from Clinical Pharmacists in ICU of a Hospital*1
    LIANG Yao, WANG Xiao-chuan, JIANG Pei-qin, ZHONG Chao
    2023, 20(4): 372-375. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2023.04-008
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    Objective: To analyze the suggestions for medication from clinical pharmacists and their adoption in ICU of the hospital and provide reference for improving the working competence of clinical pharmacists. Methods: 226 suggestions for medication proposed by clinical pharmacists who participated in ICU ward rounds and doctor's advice review in University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital from January to December 2021 were used as the research data, and patients' general information, suggestions made by clinical pharmacists and the type of drugs were collected, to analyze the rationality of suggestions for medication. Results: The 226 suggestions involved 226 patients (156 men, 70 women), most of whom were aged 46-65 years old (90 cases, 39.82%). The drugs involved in the suggestions for medication were mainly antibacterial drugs (136, 60.18%); the content of the suggestions mainly involved the adjustment of treatment regimens (51, 22.57%), the adjustment of usage and dosage (42, 18.58%) and the adjustment of drug varieties (39, 17.26%), and their corresponding adoption rates were 90.20%, 83.33% and 94.87% respectively, while the overall adoption rate was 85.40%. Conclusion: When clinical pharmacists carry out pharmaceutical work in ICU, the problems they find are mainly related to antibacterial drugs, and the content of these problems is mainly related to the treatment regimens, usage and dosage, and selection of drug varieties. Most of the suggestions for these problems are adopted by physicians, which improves the rational drug use in the clinical practices.
  • Review and Analysis of Antibacterial Drug Prescriptions of Outpatients in a Dermatology and Venereal Disease Prevention Center
    WANG Ai-chun
    2023, 20(4): 376-379. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2023.04-009
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    Objective: To review the rational use of antibacterial drug prescriptions in outpatient clinics, and provide reference for the subsequent standardized use of antibacterial drugs in outpatient clinics. Methods: 400 antibacterial drug prescriptions of outpatients were selected from Dermatology and Venereal Disease Prevention Center of Hengfeng County from January 2021 to June 2022, and the age, gender, disease type and type of antibacterial drugs of related patients were summarized, and the reasons for irrational prescriptions were analyzed according to Administrative Policy of Prescriptions, Management Standards of Hospital Prescription Review, package inserts of drugs, and related guidelines and consensus. Results: The 400 prescriptions involved 400 patients, of which the number of women was slightly more than men (57 cases vs 43 cases), and the patients aged over 30-45 years old accounted for the most (102 cases, 25.50%); according to the 400 antibacterial drug prescriptions, the main diagnosed diseases were syphilis (93, 23.25%), bacterial skin diseases (84, 21.00%) and fungal skin diseases (75, 18.75%), and the main antibacterial drugs used were penicillins (189, 47.25%) and cephalosporins (175, 43.75%). The results of prescription reviews showed that 22 of the 400 prescriptions were irrational (5.50%), and the main reasons included irrational drug selection, improper usage and dosage, and no generic name of drugs. Conclusion: The overall use of antibacterial drugs in outpatient clinics in the hospital is relatively rational, but there are still some irrational uses. Clinically, it is necessary to strengthen relevant training and management, effectively improve the level of physicians' use of antibacterial drugs, and ensure the medication safety, rationality and efficacy of patients.
  • Analysis of the Clinical Characteristics of Irrational Prescription of Antibacterial Injections in a Hospital in 2021
    YANG Mei-hua
    2023, 20(4): 380-382. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2023.04-010
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    Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of irrational prescription of antibacterial injections in the hospital and provide reference for the subsequent standardized use of antibacterial drugs. Methods: 2 520 prescriptions (210 per month) of antibacterial injections of the hospital from January to December 2021 were randomly chosen by using the hospital information system, and the rational use of antibacterial drugs in the prescriptions was reviewed; the time and department distribution of irrational prescriptions, and the type of reasons for irrational prescriptions, as well as the types of involved antibacterial drugs were analyzed. Results: Among the 2 520 prescriptions, 145 were irrational (5.75%), and the number of irrational prescriptions in the first half of the year was more than that in the second half of the year (100 vs 45); among the 145 irrational prescriptions, the most prescriptions were from the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (36, 24.83%), followed by ICU (24, 16.55%); the main irrational situation was that the selected drug was improper (48, 33.10%). The antibacterial drugs involved in the irrational prescriptions were mainly beta-lactam antibacterial drugs, among which cephalosporin antibacterial drugs had the most prescriptions (37, 25.51%). Conclusion: The use of antibacterial injections is still non-standardized to a certain extent in the hospital. It is necessary to strengthen the awareness of rational use of antibacterial drugs and actively carry out special reviews on the use of antibacterial injections in the whole hospital.
  • Analysis of the Use of Anti-Tumor Adjuvant Drugs and Their Inappropriate Doctor's Advices in the Oncology Department of a Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
    XU Li-lai, MIAO Jie, HUANG Yu-yu
    2023, 20(4): 383-386. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2023.04-011
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    Objective: To analyze the use of anti-tumor adjuvant drugs in the oncology department of the hospital and their inappropriate doctor's advices, and provide reference for better management of key drugs. Methods: The medical records of 360 tumor patients admitted to Suzhou Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine from January to December 2020 were selected, and the use of adjuvant drugs for tumor treatment and inappropriate doctor's advices were analyzed. Results: Among the 360 medical records, one or more adjuvant drugs for tumor treatment were used in 318 medical records, with a usage rate of 88.33%; of which, the top three adjuvant drugs were acid-suppressing and stomach-protecting drugs (214, 59.44%), anti-tumor traditional Chinese medicines (143, 39.72%), and antiemetics (123, 34.17%); among the 318 doctor's advices for adjuvant drugs for tumor treatment, 48 doctor's advices were inappropriate based on the review results, and the rate of inappropriateness was 15.10%. Conclusion: There are still some irrational situations in the use of anti-tumor adjuvant drugs in the hospital's medical oncology department. Pharmacists should carry out reviews on special prescriptions periodically, and strengthen the coordination with the medical affairs department to jointly promote the clinically rational drug use.
  • Analysis of Rationality for Perioperative Prophylactic Use of Antibacterial Dugs in Patients Undergoing Type II Incision Surgery in a Hospital
    GUAN Hong-fu
    2023, 20(4): 387-389. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2023.04-012
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    Objective: To analyze the rationality of perioperative prophylactic use of antibacterial drugs in patients undergoing type II incision surgery in the hospital, and provide reference for rational use of antibacterial drugs in the clinic. Methods: A total of 286 patients admitted to Yudu County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2020 to May 2022 who underwent type II incision surgery were selected as the subjects, the information such as type, time of administration and course of treatment of the antibacterial drugs for prophylactic use was collected, and the rationality of drug use was evaluated according to the authoritative literature such as Guidelines for Clinical Use of Antibacterials. Results: All of the 286 patients who underwent type II incision surgery were treated with antibacterial drugs prophylactically during the perioperative period, and the time of medication was mainly 0.5~2 h before operation (251 cases, 87.76%), and the course of medication was mostly less than 48 h (248 cases, 86.71%). For the type of drugs, they were mainly cephalosporins (253 cases), and two antibacterial drugs were concurrently used in 108 cases (37.76%). Conclusion: The prophylactic use of antibacterial drugs in the perioperative period of patients undergoing type II incision surgery in the hospital is generally reasonable, but there are many unreasonable situations in the timing of medication, course of medication and selection of drug type. Clinically it is necessary to strengthen the study and training of the rational use of antibacterial drugs, to standardize the use of antibacterial drugs in the hospital.
  • Risk Factors and Predictive Model Analysis of Antibiotic-associated Diarrhea in Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in a Hospital
    LIU Ying, PAN Mei-yu, WAN Yuan-yuan
    2023, 20(4): 398-402. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2023.04-015
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    Objective: To analyze the influencing factors of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in children with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in the hospital, and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of AAD in the clinical practices. Methods: 98 children with LRTI who were treated with antibacterial drugs in Xuchang No.2 People's Hospital from March 2020 to March 2022 were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into AAD group (n=17) and non-AAD group (n=81) according to the occurrence of AAD. The information such as the age, gender, length of hospital stay, use of antibacterial drugs, related laboratory parameters, and invasive procedures of the children was collected, the influencing factors of AAD in the children were analyzed, and the predictive model was constructed accordingly. Results: The univariate analysis showed that the occurrence of AAD in children with LRTI was correlated with the age, malnutrition, length of hospital stay, duration of antibacterial drug use, combined use of antibacterial drugs, use of hormones, invasive procedures, use of probiotics, and the degree of flora imbalance (P<0.05); and the multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the occurrence of AAD was closely related to the age of not more than 3 years old, malnutrition, use of antibacterial drugs for more than 14 days, combined use of antibacterial drugs, use of hormones, occurrence of invasive procedures, use of probiotics, and the degree of flora imbalance (P<0.05), which were independent risk factors for AAD in children with LRTI; ROC analysis showed that the above 8 independent risk factors had a predictive value of 0.823 for the occurrence of AAD in children with LRTI, with a sensitivity of 82.47% and a specificity of 90.82%. Conclusion: The occurrence of AAD in children with LRTI is closely related to the age, malnutrition, duration of antibacterial drug use, combined use of antibacterial drugs, use of hormones, invasive procedures, use of probiotics, and the degree of flora imbalance of the children. Clinically, active interventions should be taken for high-risk children to reduce or avoid the risk of AAD.
  • Analysis of Correlation of Procalcitonin and Myocardial Zymogram Levels with Inflammatory Response in Patients with Severe Pneumonia and their Diagnostic Values
    HUANG Chang-liang, ZHOU Hai-ying, HUANG Chang-li
    2023, 20(4): 403-408. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2023.04-016
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    Objective: To analyze the correlation of procalcitonin and myocardial zymogram levels with inflammatory response in patients with severe pneumonia and their diagnostic values, so as to provide reference for the judgment and early prevention and treatment of severe pneumonia. Methods: A total of 187 patients with severe pneumonia admitted to the People's Hospital of Chaisang District from January 2020 to October 2021 were selected as the observation group, and healthy individuals (n=60) who underwent physical examination in the hospital and patients with common pneumonia (n=60) were selected as the health group and the normal group, and the correlation of the myocardial zymogram indicators such as creatine kinase (CK), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), etc. and procalcitonin (PCT) with severe pneumonia was analyzed, and a predictive model for severe pneumonia was constructed. Results: The levels of CK, LDH and GOT of patients in the health group were lower than those in the normal group and the observation group (P<0.05), and the levels of CK, LDH and GOT of patients in the normal group were lower than those in the observation group (P<0.05); the levels of PCT, WBC, and CRP of patients in the health group were lower than those in the normal group and the observation group (P<0.05), and the levels of PCT, WBC, and CRP of patients in the normal group were lower than those in the observation group (P<0.05). The correlation analysis showed that the levels of PCT, CK, LDH and GOT were positively correlated with the levels of WBC and CRP (P<0.05); the Logistic regression analysis showed that the levels of PCT, CK, LDH and GOT were independent risk factors for severe pneumonia (P<0.05); the ROC analysis showed that the sensitivities of PCT, CK, LDH, GOT, and PCT combined with myocardial zymogram indicators in predicting and diagnosis of severe pneumonia were 78.14%, 48.52%, 58.64%, 54.37%, and 92.87%, respectively, while their specificities were 86.92%, 79.24%, 84.73%, 85.22% and 91.45%, respectively. Conclusion: PCT, LDH, GOT, and CK are correlated with the inflammatory response in patients with severe pneumonia, and PCT combined with myocardial zymogram indicators has a good predictive value for the diagnosis of severe pneumonia.
  • Analysis of Distribution and Drug Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria in Alveolar Lavage Fluid Samples of Children with Pulmonary Infection in a Hospital
    MENG Qing-jie, ZHU Wei
    2023, 20(4): 422-425. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2023.04-020
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    Objective: To analyze the distribution and drug resistance characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in alveolar lavage fluid samples of children with pulmonary infection in the hospital and provide basis for the use of antibacterial drugs in such patients. Methods: 80 children with pulmonary infection who were admitted to the Department of Respiratory Medicine of Kaifeng Children's Hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected as the research subjects, and the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in the children's alveolar lavage fluid samples were analyzed. Results: A total of 97 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in the alveolar lavage fluid samples of the 80 children with pulmonary infection, including 19 strains of Gram-positive bacteria (19.58%, mainly Staphylococcus aureus) and 71 strains of Gram-negative bacteria (73.20%, mainly Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and 7 strains of fungi (7.22%, mainly Candida albicans). The drug susceptibility test results showed that the resistance rates of Staphylococcus aureus to fosfomycin, compound sulfamethoxazole, linezolid, vancomycin and teicoplanin were 0.00%; the resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to amikacin, fosfomycin and polymyxin were low (less than 20.00%); the resistance rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae to ciprofloxacin, amikacin, cefoperazone-sulbactam sodium, piperacillin-tazobactam sodium, fosfomycin, ertapenem, imipenem, meropenem and polymyxin were low (less than 15.00%); the resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, fosfomycin and polymyxin were low (less than 10.00%); 7 strains of fungi were susceptible to commonly used antifungal drugs in the clinics. Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the main pathogenic bacteria of pulmonary infection in children. Clinically, the antibacterial drugs should be chosen rationally based on the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and their drug resistance characteristics when a treatment regimen is formulated to ensure the effectiveness of the treatment.