KANGGANRAN YAOXUE

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  • 2020 Volume 17 Issue 3
    Published: 25 March 2020
      
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  • Research Advances on Pharmacological Effects of Sophocarpine and Oxysophocarpine Against Tumors
    ZHANG Ming-fa, SHEN Ya-qin
    2020, 17(3): 305-309. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.03-001
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    Sophocarpine inhibits proliferation in association with dosage on hepatoma（HepG2, 9711, SMMC-7721, HCC-LM3, MHCC-97H）cell, large intestine carcinoma (SW480, LS147t , SW620, HCT-116) cell, carcinoma of esophagus EC109 cells, gastric carcinoma BGC823 cells, leukemia K562 cells, HL-60 cells, lymphoma U937 cells, lung cancer A549 cells, neuroglioma C6 cells, ovarian carcinoma SKOV3 cells, PM-2 cells in vitro. Oxysophocarpine inhibits proliferation in association with dosage on HepG2, SW480, LS174t, BGC823, C6 cells and mammary cancer MCF-7 cells in vitro. Sophocarpine has the effects of inhibiting transplant growth of HCC-LM3 cells, sarcoma W256, S37, S180, EAC, Lio 1, leukemia L615 and cervical carcinoma U14 cells in mice or rats in vivo. Clinically, Sophocarpine can also be used to treat malignant hydatidiform mole. In this paper, the literature on the antitumor effects of sophocarpine and oxysophocarpine on tumor cells were reviewed, and the research progress was analyzed.
  • Determination of Ethanol Residues in Piperazine Ferulate Tablets Produced by Different Manufacturers by Headspace-Gas Chromatography
    SHEN Xin, ZHOU Zhen-yu
    2020, 17(3): 310-312. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.03-002
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    Objective: To establish a method for determination of residual amounts of ethanol in piperazine ferulate tablets by headspace-gas chromatography. Methods: The determination of ethanol residues was performed on HP-Innowax capillary chromatographic column(30 m×0.32 mm×0.5 μm） using the flame ionization detector. The temperature of injector and detector was 200 ℃ and 250 ℃. The column temperature was set as 40 ℃ initially, and increased to 100 ℃ with the rate of 5 ℃/min and then ramped up to 240 ℃ with the rate of 100 ℃/min maintaining for 5 min. The split ratio was 1:1. Headspace equilibrium temperature was 85 ℃ and equilibration time was 20 min. Results: The calibration curve of ethanol showed a good linear relationship with the concentration being between 1.05 and 527.47 μg/mL. The average recovery was 99.74% with the RSD of 4.30%. The average ethanol content of piperazine ferulate tablets produced by 4 manufacturers were 0.02%, 0.026%, 0.02% and 0.452%, respectively. Conclusion: The established method could be applied for determination of ethanol residue in piperazine ferulate tablets with simple operation and accurate results.
  • Evaluation of Rationality of Medication in 131 In-patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Hospital
    LU Min, ZHANG Gui-fen, TANG Hui
    2020, 17(3): 313-318. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.03-003
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    Objective: To analyze the rationality of antibacterial medication in in-patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in the department of respiratory medicine of the hospital, and to explore the basic drug treatment plan of AECOPD in-patients in the department of respiratory medicine, so as to promote the reference of rational drug use in clinic. Methods: The clinical data of 131 patients diagnosed as AECOPD discharged from the department of respiratory medicine from January to December 2018 were selected as the objects of the study. The medical expenses, pathological status and drug use of the patients during hospitalization were evaluated, and the rationality of antimicrobial usage was analyzed. Results: Among the 131 in-patients (the male-female ratio was 6.28:1), the mean age was (77.00±7.69) years. The hospitalization duration was (13.47±6.14) d, and the hospitalization cost was (12 723.49±6 547.85) yuan. The utilization rate of antibiotics was 97.71%, the course of treatment was (11.49±4.17)d, and the intensity of use was 127.31 DDD. Levofloxacin sodium chloride injection topped the list of medication frequency (DDDs). The drug utilization index (DUI) was the highest in cefodizime sodium. The DDDs column of inhaled budesonide suspension was the first in the adjuvants for eliminating respiratory symptoms. Conclusion: The medication structure of AECOPD in-patients in the hospital was basically reasonable and conforms to the recommended standards of relevant experts' consensus. However, there are still unreasonable use of drugs, clinical pharmacists should participate in the whole process, strengthen monitoring, prevent abuse, so as to promote the rational use of drugs.
  • Study on Pathogens Distribution and Resistance of Nosocomial Infection in 98 Patients with Postoperative Varicose Veins of Lower Extremities
    ZHANG Yu-fei
    2020, 17(3): 319-322. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.03-004
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    Objective: To study the pathogens distribution and drug resistance of nosocomial infection in patients with varicose veins of lower extremities (VVLE) after operation. Methods: The clinical data of 98 patients with postoperative nosocomial infection of VVLE who were treated in our hospital from February 2013 to February 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. The status of pathogen culture and isolation of postoperative nosocomial infection, as well as the influence of drug susceptibility test results on the degree of different antibiotic resistance were analyzed. Results: A total of 84 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in 98 patients with postoperative infection of VVLE. Among them, 51 strains of Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 60.71%, 30 strains of Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 35.71% and 3 fungal strains accounted for 3.58%, with statistical difference (P<0.05). The majority of Gram-negative bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and the majority of Gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus. The resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ampicillin, cefazolin and ceftriaxone was high; that of Escherichia coli to ampicillin, cefazolin, ceftriaxone and aztreonam was high; that of Klebsiella pneumoniae to ampicillin, ceftriaxone and amikacin was high. Staphylococcus epidermidis was highly resistant to cefazolin, penicillin G and clindamycin, while Staphylococcus aureus was highly resistant to ciprofloxacin, penicillin G and clindamycin. Conclusion: Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens of nosocomial infection in patients with VVLE, and Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria were highly resistant to ampicillin, cefazolin, ceftriaxone, aztreonam, clindamycin, penicillin G and other antibiotics. The clinical treatment should be based on the results of drug sensitivity test.
  • Analysis of Relevant Factor of Antibiotic Medication in Adult Patients with CAP in Hospital Based on "Guidelines of CAP 2016 Edition"
    CAO Ji-ping
    2020, 17(3): 323-327. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.03-005
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    Objective: To analyze the usage of antimicrobial agents in hospital adult inpatients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP), and to provide a reference for the diagnosis, treatment and rational usage of antibiotics in CAP. Methods: Clinical data of 151 patients with CAP admitted from 2017 to 2018 were extracted. According to "The Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Community Acquired Pneumonia (2016 edition)"(hereinafter referred to as the"Guidelines") and combined with the clinical symptoms of the patients, the rationality of the prescribed daily dose (DDD) and drug utilization index (DUI) for the use of antibiotics were analyzed and measured. Results: Among the 151 cases of CAP, the young and middle-aged patients accounted for the largest proportion, and most of the cases were accompanied by basic diseases, and the utilization rate of antibacterial drugs was 100.00%. The main antibiotics used were quinolones and cephalosporin enzyme inhibitor complexes, and the combination of the two drugs is often used together. The DUI value of most drugs was close to 1.00, and the usage and dosage were reasonable. The incidence of adverse drug reactions was low and most of them were common. Conclusion: The usage of antibacterial drugs in hospital CAP patients basically conformed to the requirements of "The guidelines", and the DUI value of some drugs fluctuated greatly, so the unreasonable combination of drugs should be paid more attention in clinic.
  • Exploration on Diagnostic Value of Changes in Serum miR-455 Level on Degree of Hepatic Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B
    LI Wen-ting, ZHAO Zong-hao, Li YI, ZHU Tian-tian
    2020, 17(3): 366-369. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.03-019
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    Objective: To explore the diagnostic value of changes in serum miR-455 level on the degree of hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods: The data of 50 CHB patients admitted from January 2015 to December 2018 were selected, and the results of routine serological and virological tests and liver pathology evaluation were collected. The changes of serum miR-455 level detected by qPCR and the significance of serum miR-455 level changes in the area under the curve (AUC) for the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis grading were analyzed. Results: The serum miR-455 level in patients with high viral load was higher than that in patients with low viral load (P<0.05). The increased expression of serum miR-455 in the patients was correlated with the degree of liver fibrosis, which was (1.95±0.10) U/L, (1.72±0.18) U/L, (1.25±0.21) U/L, (0.93±0.22) U/L and (0.46±0.06) U/L, respectively (P<0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between them (r=0.908, P<0.05). The results of ROC analysis showed that when the serum miR-455 cut-off value was greater than or equal to 1.035, 1.583 and 1.806, the AUC of diagnosis of liver fibrosis was F2（0.948）, F3（0.965）and F4（0.982）, respectively. Conclusions: The change of serum miR-455 level have a high application value in improving the diagnosis of liver fibrosis.
  • Analysis on Causes of Substandard Concentration of Vancomycin Peak Valley in a Patients with Severe Infection in Traffic Accident*1
    NI Chun-yan
    2020, 17(3): 384-386. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.03-025
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    Objective: To analyze the causes of substandard concentration of vancomycin peak valley in a patients with severe infection in traffic accident, and to explore the process of pharmaceutical care of clinical pharmacists. Methods: Clinical pharmacists participated in the formulation of vancomycin administration plan, and carried out drug monitoring and pharmaceutical care for patients with severe infection, therapeutic drug surveillance (TDM) and pharmaceutical care for severely infected patients were implemented. Results: The blood concentration of vancomycin is affected by body mass, age, renal function, fluid volume and apparent volume of distribution. Conclusion: There are large individual differences in vancomycin and many influencing factors. Clinicians and pharmacists should pay attention to the changes in the peak valley concentration of vancomycin TDM.
  • Analysis on Characteristics and Risk Factors of Adverse Reaction of Blood Transfusion in 59 Gynecological Patients and Its Countermeasures
    FENG Xiao-ya
    2020, 17(3): 393-396. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.03-028
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    Objective: To explore the characteristics of adverse reactions of blood transfusion in gynecological patients, and to analyze the related factors and countermeasures. Methods: Data of 1 098 patients receiving blood transfusion in gynecology department of the hospital from February 2015 to February 2019 and feedback table of adverse blood transfusion were collected to analyze the characteristics of adverse blood transfusion. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of adverse reactions to blood transfusion and put forward the countermeasures. Results: Among the 1 098 cases treated with blood transfusion, 59 of the gynecological patients had adverse reactions of blood transfusion, the incidence of which was 5.37%, among which 55 (5.00%) were allogeneic blood transfusion and 4 (0.36%) were autologous blood transfusion. Non-hemolytic febrile reactions were 36 (3.28%) and anaphylactic reactions were 23 (2.09%). There were 21 (1.91%) adverse reactions to frozen plasma transfusion, 18 (1.63%) adverse reactions to suspension red blood cell transfusion, and 13 (1.18%) adverse reactions to mechanical platelet transfusion. Risk factor analysis results show that blood transfusion history was more than 2 times (OR=2.149, 95% CI for 1.101 to 4.193), blood transfusion volume was greater than or equal to 1 600 mL(OR=1.879, 95% CI for 1.069 to 3.305), sending blood to start blood transfusion time interval was greater than 30 min (OR=2.022, 95% CI for 1.121 to 3.647), blood transfusion and transfusion type is department of gynaecology patients leading to the independent risk factors of adverse reactions (P<0.05). Conclusion: Non-hemolytic febrile reaction and anaphylaxis were the main adverse reactions caused by blood transfusion in gynecological patients. Patients with a history of blood transfusion, the volume of blood transfusion, the type of blood transfusion and the interval between the blood bank and the start of blood transfusion were risk factors for adverse reactions.
  • Influence on Myocardial Enzymes of Trimetazidine Assisted Ribavirin in Heart Failure Patients with Myocarditis Infected by Coxsackie Virus
    ZHANG Lei
    2020, 17(3): 400-402. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.03-030
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    Objective: To investigate the efficacy of trimetazidine assisted ribavirin in heart failure patients with myocarditis infected by Coxsackie virus and its influence on the improvement of myocardial enzyme indexes. Methods: Data of 124 patients with myocarditis caused by Coxsackie viral infection with heart failure admitted from March 2017 to March 2019 were selected. They were divided into ribavirin group and combination group according to different treatment regimens, with 62 patients in each group. Patients in the ribavirin group were treated with ribavirin and conventional drugs, while patients in the combination group were treated with trimetazidine on the basis of ribavirin group. The changes of myocardial enzyme indexes (CK, CK-MB and LDH) before and after treatment and the differences in the incidence of adverse drug reactions during treatment were compared between the two groups. Results: The indexes of myocardial enzymes (CK, CK-MB and LDH) in the two groups were significantly improved after treatment with different drugs, and the improvement in the combined group was better than that in the ribavirin group (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse drug reactions in the combination group was slightly higher than that in the ribavirin group (17.14% vs 9.67%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: Based on heart failure patients with myocarditis infected by Coxsackie virus, trimetazidine assisted ribavirin treatment effectively improved its myocardial enzyme index and cardiac function.
  • Investigation and Analysis on a Case of Family-clustering Coronavirus Disease in Gusu District of Suzhou and Its Disposition
    CHAO Xiang-qin, SHEN Xiao-chen, JIANG Li
    2020, 17(3): 453-455. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.03-050
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    Objective: To explore the infection source and transmission route of a family-clustering coronavirus disease (COVID-19) case in Gusu district of Suzhou city so as to provide a reference for the prevention and control of COVID-19 in the family transmission. Methods: Two COVID-19 cases and their close contacts as well as suspected exposure sites were investigated on site (from January 16 to January 28, 2020), and pharyngeal swabs were collected from the cases and close contacts; real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect whether the new coronavirus nucleic acid was positive or not. Results: Case A developed on January 16, 2020, who was diagnosed as COVID-19 on January 25, and was cured and discharged on February 5. Case B was the husband of case A, who became ill on January 26, 2020, and was diagnosed as COVID-19 on January 28. Case A and case B lived together, ate at the same table, slept in the same bed but did not take any protective measures, which were high-risk exposure behavior. Conclusion: The 2 cases, husband and wife, were of epidemiological association, which was a characteristically epidemic situation of family-clustering coronavirus disease. The prevention and control strategy of early detection and management of the infection sources and cutting off the transmission route is the key to prevent the spread of the epidemic in the family.