KANGGANRAN YAOXUE

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  • 2022 Volume 19 Issue 3
    Published: 25 March 2022
      
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  • Research Progress in Effect of Honokiol against Hematopoietic Tumors and Its Mechanism of Action
    ZHANG Ming-fa, SHEN Ya-qin
    2022, 19(3): 313-318. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2022.03-001
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    In-vitro studies showed that honokiol had the effect of inhibiting proliferation and/or inducing apoptosis in human erythroleukemia K562 cells, promyelocytes, HL-60 cells, NB4 cells, U937 cells, THP-1 cells, SUP-B15 cells, Kasumi-1 cells, CEM cells, KG-1a cells, Raji cells, KM3 cells, SP2/0 cells and RBMI8226 cells. Honokiol in combination with chemotherapeutic agents could improve the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents, and enhance the sensitivity of drug-resistant cells to chemotherapeutic agents. An integral experiment showed that, Honokiol could prolong the survival time of mice inoculated with HL-60 cells intravenously or intraperitoneally, inhibit tumor growth and metastasis, and suppress the growth of subcutaneous Kasumi-1 cell xenografts in mice. Honokiol could induce apoptosis of cancer cells by inhibiting NF-κB activation and up-regulating caspase expression, induce the non-apoptosis of cancer cells by up-regulating the expression of cyclophilin D and opening the mitochondrial permeability transition pore; in addition, it could up-regulate the ligand expression of natural killer cell receptor (NKG2D) on the surface of cancer cells to increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to natural killer cells and kill the cancer cells. This paper performs a review on the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of honokiol against hematopoietic tumors and conducts analysis on its research progress.
  • Drug Concentration and Other Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Venous Blood and Blister Fluid of Patients with Extensive Burns at Different Time Points after Administration of Vancomycin
    GUO Pei-hong
    2022, 19(3): 324-326. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2022.03-003
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    Objective: To investigate the drug concentration and other pharmacokinetic parameters in venous blood and blister fluid of patients with extensive burns at different times after administration of vancomycin. Methods: Forty-six patients with a burn area greater than 50% who admitted to Zhumadian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2018 to June 2020 were selected as research subjects. Drug concentration and other pharmacokinetic parameters in cubital venous blood and blister fluid before administration of vancomycin and at 0.5 h, 1.0 h, 2.0 h, 4.0 h, 8.0 h, 12.0 h, 24.0 h and 48.0 h after first administration of vancomycin were analyzed by HPLC method. Results: The drug concentrations of vancomycin in the blood and blister fluid reached the peak values at 1 hour after administration; the concentration of vancomycin in blood was higher than that in blister fluid at 0.5 h and 1.0 h after administration (P<0.05); the distribution phase confounding parameter (α), elimination phase confounding parameter (β), first-order rate constant for drug transport from peripheral to central compartment (K21), and first-order rate constant for drug elimination from central compartment (K10), and first-order rate constant for drug transport from the central to peripheral compartment (K12) of vancomycin in the blood were all greater than those of the blister fluid (P<0.05), while the half-life of the distribution phase (t1/2α) and the half-life of the elimination phase (t1/2β) of the blood were shorter than those of the blister fluid, the area under the curve (AUC0~∝) of the blood was smaller than that of the blister fluid, and the total clearance rate (CLs) in the blood was greater than that in the blister fluid (P<0.05); no renal function damage and hearing abnormalities occurred 48 hours after administration. Conclusion: The half-life of the drug in the blister fluid is longer than that in the blood after early administration of vancomycin in patients with extensive burns, and the in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters are quite different. Clinically, the monitoring on blood concentration should be enhanced and the administration dosage should be adjusted based on changes in pharmacokinetic parameters of patients.
  • Study on Optimized Extraction Process of Shengqing Qushi Decoction by Orthogonal Experiment
    CHEN Tong, WAN Mei-ling, JIA Xian-hong, GUAN Cheng-zhen, LI Wei-wei, GUO Lin
    2022, 19(3): 327-330. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2022.03-004
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    Objective: To establish an optimal extraction process of Shengqing Qushi decoction by orthogonal experiment method. Methods: The orthogonal experiment method was used to investigate the optimal extraction conditions for Shengqing Qushi decoction in terms of frequency of decoction, decoction time, amount of added water, etc. by using puerarin as a detection index. Results: The optimal extraction process of Shengqing Qushi decoction was as follows: decocting twice by adding 8-fold of water for 1 hour each time, namely, decocting for the first time by adding 8-fold of water for 1 hour, and decocting for the second time by adding 8-fold of water for 1 hour. Conclusion: The optimized extraction process of Shengqing Qushi decoction can improve the extraction efficiency and save the preparation time so as to better satisfy the clinical needs.
  • Analysis of Distribution and Drug Resistance Characteristics of Pathogenic Bacteria in Blood Specimens of Patients with Hematological Diseases Complicated by Blood Stream Infection and Risk Factors for Mortality
    LI Qiao
    2022, 19(3): 331-334. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2022.03-005
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    Objective: To analyze distribution and drug resistance characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in patients with hematological diseases complicated by blood stream infection (BSI), and the risk factors for mortality. Methods: The medical records of 95 patients with hematological diseases complicated by BSI who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology from May 2019 to May 2021 were selected, the bacterial culture and susceptibility test results of blood specimens of patients were summarized, and the distribution and drug resistance characteristics of pathogenic bacteria were analyzed, to explore the risk factors of mortality. Results: A total of 98 pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the blood samples of 95 patients complicated by BSI, including 59 Gram-negative bacteria (60.20%), 36 Gram-positive bacteria (36.74%) and 3 fungi (3.06%); the drug susceptibility results showed that the drug resistance rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to meropenem and imipenem were lower (<15.00%), while the drug resistance rates of Staphylococcus hominis and Staphylococcus aureus to linezolid, teicoplanin and vancomycin were 0.00%. The regression analysis results showed that the death of patients with hematological diseases complicated by BSI was associated with the time of indwelling deep venous catheter≥7d, irrational use of antibacterial drugs and SOFA score≥5, which were independent risk factors for death of patients. Conclusion: The pathogenic bacteria in patients with hematological diseases complicated by BSI are mainly Gram-negative bacteria. The distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria should be regularly monitored in clinic practices to improve the efficacy of anti-infective therapy; meanwhile, attention should be paid to the risk factors, such as too long time of indwelling deep venous catheter, irrational use of antibacterial drugs and too high SOFA score so as to avoid the risks in clinical practice and ensure the life safety of patients.
  • Analysis of Distribution and Drug Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria in Stool Specimens of 210 Children with Bacterial Enteritis in a Hospital
    LI Chao-wei
    2022, 19(3): 335-337. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2022.03-006
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    Objective: To analyze distribution and drug resistance characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in stool specimens of children with bacterial enteritis in the hospital. Methods: The medical records of 210 children with bacterial enteritis admitted to Luoyang New District People's Hospital from February 2019 to February 2021 were selected to analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in stool specimens of the children. Results: A total of 240 pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the stool specimens of 210 children with bacterial enteritis, including 185 Gram-negative bacteria (77.08%, mainly Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri and Salmonella) and 55 Gram-positive bacteria (22.92%, mainly Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus); the drug susceptibility results showed that the drug resistance rates of major Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri and Salmonella to meropenem and imipenem were 0.00%; the drug resistance rates of Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus to vancomycin were 0.00%. Conclusion: The pathogenic bacteria in children with bacterial enteritis are mainly Gram-negative bacteria, and antibacterial drugs should be reasonably selected for treatment in clinic practices according to the results of microbial culture and drug susceptibility tests.
  • Analysis of Screening and Drug Resistance of Multi-drug Resistant Bacteria in Anal Swab Specimens of 116 Newborns in ICU of a Hospital
    YAN Li-mei
    2022, 19(3): 338-340. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2022.03-007
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    Objective: To analyze screening and drug resistance of multi-drug resistant bacteria in anal swab specimens of newborns in ICU of a hospital.Methods: 116 newborns admitted to ICU of Shangqiu Maternal and Child Health Hospital from March 2018 to November 2020 were selected as research subjects, and the species and drug resistance characteristics of multi-drug resistant bacteria isolated from the anal swab specimens of the children were analyzed. Results: 25 strains of multi-drug resistant bacteria were isolated from anal swab specimens of 116 newborns, mainly including 13 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBLs-E) (52.00%) and 10 vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) (40.00%). The drug resistance rates of ESBLs-E to imipenem, ampicillin-sulbactam sodium and cefoxitin were 0.00%; the drug resistance rates of VRE to linezolid and teicoplanin were 0.00%. Conclusion: The newborns in ICU of the hospital are seriously affected by multi-drug resistant bacteria, and the infected multi-drug resistant bacteria are mainly ESBLs-E and VRE. Clinically, the monitoring on multi-drug resistant bacteria should be enhanced, and antibacterial drugs should be reasonably selected according to the drug resistance characteristics of pathogenic bacteria to ensure the treatment effect.
  • Analysis of Distribution and Drug Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria in Cerebrospinal Fluid Specimens of 60 Children with Purulent Meningitis in a Hospital
    ZHANG Yu-xia
    2022, 19(3): 341-343. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2022.03-008
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    Objective: To analyze distribution and drug resistance characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in cerebrospinal fluid specimens of children with purulent meningitis (PM) in a hospital, and provide reference for rational use of clinical antibacterial drugs. Methods: The medical records of 60 children with PM who were admitted to Central Hospital of Jiaozuo Coal Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. from July 2018 to June 2020 were selected, and the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in cerebrospinal fluid specimens of children at different ages were analyzed. Results: A total of 121 pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid specimens of 60 children with PM, including 86 Gram-positive bacteria (71.07%, mainly Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus agalactiae), 35 Gram-negative bacteria (28.92%, mainly Escherichia coli), and the pathogenic bacteria were mainly detected in children less than 28 days old and those of 28 days old to 1 year old. The drug susceptibility results showed that the drug resistance rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae to moxifloxacin and levofloxacin were 0.00%, the drug resistance rates of Staphylococcus epidermidis to ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin and levofloxacin were lower (<30.00%), and the drug resistance rates of Streptococcus agalactiae to oxacillin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime were 0.00%; the drug resistance rates of Escherichia coli to cefotetan, cefepime, imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, tobramycin, and nitrofurantoin were lower (≤20.00%). Conclusion: The pathogenic bacteria in the cerebrospinal fluid specimens of children with PM are mainly Gram-positive bacteria, but the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in children at different ages was different. Clinically, antibacterial drugs should be reasonably selected according to the bacterial culture and susceptibility test results, to ensure the efficacy of anti-infective therapy.
  • Analysis of Risk Factors of Catheter-associated Infection in Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer and Their Prevention and Treatment Measures
    LI Yan-na, WANG Xiao-bian
    2022, 19(3): 413-416. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2022.03-031
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    Objective: To explore risk factors of catheter-associated infection caused by peripheral venipuncture in patients undergoing chemotherapy for gastric cancer, and propose corresponding prevention and treatment measures. Methods: 130 patients undergoing chemotherapy for gastric cancer who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology for peripheral venipuncture from November 2019 to December 2020 were selected as research subjects, and they were divided into infected (n=28) and non-infected (n=102) groups according to occurrence of catheter-associated infection, to analyze risk factors of catheter-associated infections caused by peripheral venipuncture by regression analysis method. Results: Univariate analysis results showed that age, body mass index, catheter mobility, catheter retention time, and combined diabetes were associated with catheter-associated infection (P<0.05); multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that age > 75 years old, body mass index > 24, catheter mobility, catheter retention time > 60 d, and combined diabetes were independent risk factors for catheter-associated infection. Conclusion: Age, body mass index, catheter mobility, catheter retention time, and combined diabetes are closely related to the occurrence of catheter-associated infection and should be fully considered in clinical treatment and care, and active measures should be taken to prevent or reduce infection.
  • Analysis of Clinical Characteristics of 58 Cases of Adverse Reactions to Antibacterial Drugs in a Hospital from 2019 to 2020
    LONG Piao-piao, CHEN Li-ying
    2022, 19(3): 423-425. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2022.03-034
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    Objective: To analyze clinical characteristics of 58 cases of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) caused by antibacterial drugs in the hospital in 2019-2020 to provide reference for prevention and treatment of ADRs of such drugs. Methods: Medical records of 58 cases of adverse reactions to antibacterial drugs reported to the national adverse drug reaction monitoring system from No. 2 People's Hospital of Jiangmen from 2019 to 2020 were selected to analyze the occurrence pattern and characteristics of ADRs caused by antibacterial drugs in terms of patient age, primary disease, types of antibacterial drugs used and route of administration, as well as occurrence time, organs (or systems) involved, clinical manifestations and outcome of ADRs. Results: Among 58 cases of ADRs reported, patients were mostly over 60 years old (22 cases, accounting for 37.93%), followed by those at the age of 40-60 (19 cases, accounting for 32.76%); the top 3 types of antibacterial drugs involved were cephalosporins (26 cases, accounting for 44.83%), quinolones (25 cases, accounting for 25.86%) and penicillins (11 cases, accounting for 18.96%), and 38 cases had the route of intravenous administration. The occurrence time of ADRs was mainly ≤1d (32 cases, accounting for 55.17%) and >1-3d (12 cases, accounting for 20.69%); the organs (or systems) involved in ADRs were mainly skin and its adnexa (accounting for 37.93%), digestive system (accounting for 20.69%) and nervous system (accounting for 17.24%); all patients with ADRs were eventually healed and discharged from the hospital, including 4 patients with severe ADRs. Conclusion: ADRs of antibacterial drug mainly occurred in people over 40 years old, involving drugs such as cephalosporins, quinolones and penicillins, the route of administration was intravenous mostly, and organs (or systems) involved were mainly skin and its adnexa, digestive system and nervous system. Attention should be paid to the possible discomfort of patients in clinical treatment with antibacterial drugs for timely management and treatment.
  • Clinical Characteristics and Management of 3 Cases of Serious Adverse Drug Reactions Caused by Antibacterial Drugs
    ZHANG Lei-jiao, WU Xue
    2022, 19(3): 426-429. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2022.03-035
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    Objective: To analyze clinical characteristics and treatment strategies of serious adverse drug reactions caused by antibacterial drugs. Methods: By participating in the consultation, the clinical pharmacist analyzed the clinical characteristics of 3 cases of serious adverse drug reactions caused by ceftizoxime, micronomicin and vancomycin, made recommendations for consultation and carried out pharmaceutical care. Results and conclusion: The recommendations made by clinical pharmacists after participating in the consultation were recognized and adopted by physicians, the outcome of adverse reaction was good after adjusting the treatment regimens of patients, thus avoiding further deterioration of the patient's condition.
  • Pharmaceutical Care of Clinical Anti-infective Therapy in 1 Patient with Chlamydia Psittaci Pneumonia
    TANG Qin, WANG Chun-mei
    2022, 19(3): 430-432. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2022.03-036
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    Objective: To analyze the pharmaceutical care process of clinical anti-infective therapy in patients with chlamydia psittaci pneumonia to provide reference for clinical rational drug use of such patients. Methods: By reviewing the literature in combination with actual conditions of the patient, clinical pharmacists assisted clinicians in co-formulating drug treatment regimens, and carried out personalized pharmaceutical care of the patient. Results and Conclusion: By analyzing the disease characteristics, epidemiological history and clinical examination results of the patient, clinical pharmacists and clinicians considered that the patient had chlamydia psittaci pneumonia, then formulated an anti-infective therapy regimen accordingly and carried out pharmaceutical care, and finally the patient was healed and discharged from the hospital.
  • Pharmaceutical Care of Antitumor Therapy for Patients with p53 Gene Mutation Glioma*1
    WANG An-qi, SHEN Li-kui, ZHAO Yi-fan, ZHU Ying
    2022, 19(3): 433-435. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2022.03-037
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    Objective: To analyze the pharmaceutical care process of antitumor therapy for patients with p53 gene mutation glioma to provide reference for reasonable clinical treatment of such patients. Methods: With professional expertise, clinical pharmacists assisted clinicians in formulating individualized chemoradiotherapy regimens for patients with p53 gene mutation glioma, and carried out pharmaceutical care and drug use propaganda and education. Results and Conclusion: With joint efforts of clinicians and clinical pharmacists, the patient's condition was effectively controlled and the tumor did not progress significantly, with enhanced confidence in treatment and significantly improved drug compliance.
  • Analysis of Clinical Characteristics of a Patient with Abscess of Scrotum and His Pharmaceutical Care
    ZHANG Xiao-yun
    2022, 19(3): 436-439. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2022.03-038
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    Objective: To analyze clinical characteristics and pharmaceutical care process of patients with abscess of scrotum to provide reference for anti-infective therapy of such patients. Methods: Clinical pharmacists assisted clinicians in developing individualized medication regimens and conducting pharmaceutical care by analyzing the clinical characteristics of patients with abscess of scrotum and based on the results of microbial culture and drug susceptibility tests. Results and Conclusion: With professional expertise, clinical pharmacists assisted clinicians in individualized treatment, and patients were successfully healed and discharged from the hospital, reflecting the value of clinical pharmacists.
  • Pharmaceutical Care of Clinical Anti-fibrosis Therapy in 3 Patients with Pulmonary Fibrosis*1
    LIU Rui-xia, MA Jing, LI Chun-xiao, ZHANG Ai-ting
    2022, 19(3): 440-443. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2022.03-039
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    Objective: To analyze key points and effectiveness of pharmaceutical care of anti-fibrosis therapy in patients with pulmonary fibrosis. Methods: Clinical pharmacists participated in the clinical treatment of 3 patients with pulmonary fibrosis, assisted physicians in personalizing treatment regimens and provided specific pharmaceutical care for different drugs. Results and Conclusion: Through pharmaceutical care, clinical pharmacists timely identified and solved potential or actual medication problems in the treatment of patients with pulmonary fibrosis, ensuring the safety and rationality of clinical medication.
  • Effect of Clinical Pharmacist Intervention on Clinical Use of Tigecycline in Patients with Hematologic Lymphoma*1
    XU Yong-xiang, LUO Zhen-guang, HAN Wei-chao, ZHANG Han-bin
    2022, 19(3): 444-447. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2022.03-040
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    Objective: To analyze the impact of clinical pharmacist intervention on clinical use of tigecycline in patients with hematologic lymphoma in the hospital. Methods: Patients admitted to Department of Hematology and Lymphoma of the Affiliated Dongguan Hospital of Southern Medical University from July 2020 to December 2020 and treated with tigecycline (n=88) without clinical pharmacist intervention were selected as the pre-intervention group, and patients admitted to the hospital from January 2021 to June 2021 and treated with tigecycline (n=33) with clinical pharmacist intervention were selected as the post-intervention group, to compare the clinical use of tigecycline in patients before and after the intervention. Results: After clinical pharmacist intervention, the clinical justification rate for tigecycline indications and dosing regimens was significantly higher than before (87.88% vs 69.09% and 81.82% vs 41.82%, respectively), and the pre-dosing microbiology specimen submission rate was also significantly increased (84.85% vs 21.82%). Conclusion: With professional expertise, clinical pharmacists intervened and guided the use of clinical antibacterial drugs, which could regulate medication behaviors of clinicians and improve their level of rational drug use.