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  • 2020 Volume 17 Issue 12
    Published: 25 December 2020
      
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  • Research Advances on Pharmacological Action of Sophoramine
    ZHANG Ming-fa, SHEN Ya-qin
    2020, 17(12): 1711-1716. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.12-001
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    Sophoramine has positive inotropic action, negative chronotropic action, negative automaticity and negative conductivity on heart, and these actions are its pharmacological basis of antiarrhythmia. Sophoramine has the hypotensive effect, its mechanism may be related to blocking neuroganglia and directly dilating blood vessel. Because sophoramine has the effects of cardioprotection, and enhancing cardiac function and flow of coronary arteria, as well as no enhancing oxygen consumption of myocardium to alleviate myocardial ischemia, so it can treat heart failure, myocardiac infarction, and various arrhythmia. Sophoramine has the effects of central suppression, analgesia, anti-inflammation, and immunosuppression, it can treat transplantation rejection. In this paper, the literatures of the pharmacological effects of sophorine are reviewed, and the research progress of its pharmacological effects is analyzed.
  • Determination of Voriconazole, Itraconazole and Posaconazole in Human Plasma by UPLC-MS/MS and Their Methodology*1
    YANG Ye-zhou, QU Yu-chen, SU Cun-jin, PAN Jie, SHI Ai-ming
    2020, 17(12): 1717-1721. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.12-002
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    Objective: To establish an UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of voriconazole, itraconazole and posaconazole in human plasma and to study its methodology. Methods: Using Thermo Hypersil GOLD (100 mm x 2.1 mm, 3 μm) for chromatographic column, water (containing 0.1% formic acid and tendency for 10 L ammonium acetate)-methanol as mobile phase, gradient elution and velocity was 300 μL/min, sample quantity was μL, carbamazepine as internal standard, using heated electrospray ion source (HESI), in a single scanning ion detection model (SIM) positive ion scanning. The concentrations of voriconazole, itraconazole and posaconazole in human plasma were determined by HPLC - TANDEM mass spectrometry. Results： Av=1.56×10–3ρ+6.39×10–4 (r2=0.996 0), AI= 1.78×10–3ρ+4.17×10–4 (r2=0.996 6) and AP=1.46×10–3ρ+7.25×10–5 (r2=0.997 7) showed a good linear relationship with the plasma concentrations of voriconazole and itraconazole in the range of 0.20 g/mL. The average mass concentration of voriconazole was 3.90 g/mL, and the recoveries of low, medium and high concentration samples were between the range of 90.77% and 96.99%. Conclusion: The method is simple, sensitive and specific, and suitable for the determination of blood concentration of voliconazole, itraconazole and posaconazole in human plasma.
  • Identification Experiment and Feasibility Analysis of Hesperidin in Spasmolytic Analgesia Tincture by Thin Layer Chromatography
    XU Yi-gan, WU Lin-lin
    2020, 17(12): 1721-1723. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.12-003
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    Objective: To analyze the feasibility of identification of hesperidin in Spasmolytic analgesia tincture(SAT) by thin layer chromatography（TLC） and the quality of finished products made in different enterprises. Methods: Silica gel G thin laminate was used to unfold; and ethyl acetate-methanol-water (10:1.7:1.3) and toluene-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (2:1:0.5:0.5) were used as developing agents. The spot color and separation position of hesperidin were compared by TLC with the control substance. Results： Among the 50 batches of SAT extracted from pharmaceutical companies, retail pharmacies and hospitals, 4 manufacturing enterprises were involved (A, B, C and D). The products are distributed in 11 cities in Jiangsu Province. Compared with the control substance, they all have the same fluorescent spots, but the color is not the same, which reflects the different technology of production enterprises and the difference of the quality of the original medicinal materials. Conclusion: The quality of the finished products of SAT produced by different enterprises is affected by the quality of the original medicinal materials. Pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative departments should strengthen the quality control of the original medicinal materials in the production enterprises to ensure the effectiveness of drug use.
  • Study on Interleukin-8-251 Gene Promoter Polymorphism Patients with Moderate and Severe Chronic Periodontitis*1
    LI Jing, CHEN Chun-yan, TAN Feng-qing, LIANG Jing, ZHAO Hongyu
    2020, 17(12): 1724-1728. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.12-004
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    Objective: To investigate interleukin-8 gene polymorphisms at the position-251 and the association with moderate and severe chronic periodontitis. Methods: The genotype and allele distributions of interleukin-8 in a case-control study involving 67 patients with moderate and moderate and severe chronic periodontitis and 50 healthy periodontal controls were analyzed based on polymerase chain reaction-restricti on fragment length polymorphisms. Results： Compared with the healthy control group, the genotype or allele frequencies of for interleukin-8-251A/T polymorphisms in CP Group had no change and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: It is not clear whether there is a correlation between the susceptibility to moderate and severe chronic periodontitis and IL-8-251 A/T in HAN people from Guangdong, China.
  • Influence of Score System of Physician's Irrational Medication in a Hospital on Perioperative Antibacterial Management of Type I Incision
    WANG Shu-bo, LI Yang, LI Ke-yang, SHEN Zeng-qiang, DONG Hong-liang, WU Yuan-yuan
    2020, 17(12): 1733-1736. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.12-006
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    Objective: To explore hospital incision Ⅰ perioperative prophylactic medication of antimicrobial drugs effect of continuous improvement, and to evaluate the application effect of irrational drug use scorecard system and to provide reference for further strengthening the management of antimicrobial agents. Methods: Extracting 9 728 cases of incision Ⅰ surgery medical records information from 2017 to 2019, which for the unit to perioperative preventive use of antimicrobial drugs (such as antibacterial drugs varieties selection, delivery time, preventive treatment) were analyzed and compared. Results： After comparing implementation of scoring system, Ⅰ class incision surgery perioperative antimicrobial prophylactic utilization rate fell to 27.61% from 45.98%. The reasonableness rate of antibacterial drug selection increased from 68.82% to 91.13%; the reasonableness rate of timing of administration increased from 60.46% to 89.41%, and the reasonableness rate of preventive treatment increased from 14.07% to 86.35%. Conclusion: The implementation of the irrational medication marking system, reduces the hospital Ⅰ class incision of perioperative prevention with antibacterial drugs utilization rate, the antibacterial drug varieties selection and the rationality of the time were improved. As a result, it shortens the course of prophylactic medication, and the medication of antibacterial drugs tends to be more reasonable and standard.
  • Analysis on Rationality of 8 334 Prescriptions of Pregnant Hormones Medication in Out-patients in a Hospital from 2018 to 2019
    PAN Qiao-na, SHI Xiang-kui
    2020, 17(12): 1737-1740. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.12-007
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    Objective: To analyze the related factors and irrational reasons of prescriptions of progesterone drugs in out-patients in hospital, and to provide basis for rational medication of progesterone in clinic. Methods: Through the hospital information system (HIS), 8 334 prescriptions of Progesterone drugs were collected from out-patient clinics from January 2018 to December 2019 to analyze the rationality of the usage of Progesterone drugs and the reasons for unreasonable medication. Results： Of the 8 334 prescriptions for Progesterone drugs, they were mainly used for clinical diagnosis of threatened abortion, female infertility and recurrent abortion. Among them, 1,116 were unreasonable prescriptions, accounting for 13.39%, and the unreasonable drug usage types mainly included overdose drug usage and repeated drug medication. Conclusion: The prescription of progesterone drugs in out-patient hospitals is basically reasonable, but there were still many unreasonable problems, so we had to strengthen the management of the medication of progesterone drugs in out-patient hospitals to ensure the rationality of their usage.
  • Analysis on Rationality of Perioperative Prophylactic Medication of Antimicrobial agents in 175 Patients Undergoing Plastic Surgery
    FU Bing-chuan, AI Zheng
    2020, 17(12): 1740-1743. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.12-008
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    Objective: To analyze the rationality of prophylactic medication of antibiotics during perioperative prevention of plastic surgery in our hospital, and to provides reference for the rational medication of antibacterial drugs in such patients. Methods: The clinical data of 175 patients in the perioperative period of plastic and aesthetic surgery from January to December 2019 were extracted to analyze and evaluate the rationality, frequency and utilization rate of antibacterial drugs for perioperative prevention (indication, variety selection, medication timing, medication course and dosage). Results： In the perioperative period of plastic surgery, the utilization rate of antibacterial drugs was 65.71%, the variety selection rate was 73.91%, and the timing rate was only 15.65%. The reasonableness rate of the course of treatment was 22.61%, and the usage and dosage rate was 94.78%. The most antibacterials used frequently are cefoproxen tablets and cefuroxime injections. Conclusion: In the perioperative period of plastic and cosmetic surgery in this hospital, there were unreasonable phenomena such as high utilization rate and long course of treatment of antibacterial drugs, so the intervention management of antibacterial drugs had to be strengthened to improve the rationality of their use.
  • Analysis on Catheter-related Bloodstream Infection and Distribution of Pathogenic Bacteria in 68 Patients with MHD and Their Countermeasures
    DING Shao-nan
    2020, 17(12): 1783-1786. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.12-022
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    Objective: To explore and analyze the factors of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), the composition of major pathogenic bacteria and their prevention and treatment measures. Methods: The clinical data of 523 MHD patients admitted from April 2018 to December 2019 were collected, and the incidence of central venous catheter bloodstream infection was analyzed. The correlation between the blood culture results of the samples and infection factors was analyzed, as well as the components of the main pathogenic bacteria. Results： Among the 523 MHD patients, 68 were infected with blood flow, and 81 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated (among which 50 strains of Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 61.73%, 24 strains of Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 29.63% and 7 strains of fungi accounted for 8.64%). Blood flow infection was correlated with age, complications, central venous catheterization site, duration of MHD, duration of catheterization, and serum albumin level of patients (P<0.05), which constituted independent risk factors. Conclusion: The occurrence of MHD-related catheter infection is affected by many factors, mainly Gram-positive bacterial infection. Great attention should be paid to infection-related prevention and control measures in the diagnosis and treatment, and antimicrobial agents should be selected reasonably based on drug sensitivity test results.
  • Analysis on Clinical Characteristics of 45 Patients with COVID-19 in Shangrao and Their Prevention and Control Countermeasures
    JIN Jing-ru, ZHENG Zheng-mao, RAO Zong-lin, XU Dong-hua, FU Pin-xiang, QIN Hong, WANG Su-fang, ZHENG Zong-li, YU Zhong-ji
    2020, 17(12): 1787-1790. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.12-023
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    Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and efficacy of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in ShangRao. Methods: Clinical data of 45 confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to the hospital from January 22 to March 2, 2020 were collected. The clinical manifestations, laboratory, chest CT findings and treatment strategies were analyzed. Results： Of the 45 COVID-19 patients （43 were mild and normal, 1 was severe, and 1 was critical）. The clinical symptoms were fever and cough. The blood routine showed that the total number of white blood cells was decreased or normal, and the lymphocyte was decreased. The biochemical indexes were mainly bilirubin abnormality, which showed that the total bilirubin and indirect bilirubin increased significantly. Chest CT showed imaging features of pneumonia in 80% of cases. Antiviral treatment was the main regimen, antiviral therapy was the main regimen. If the efficacy was poor, the combination with moxifloxacin was more effective. Conclusions: The cases of COVID-19 in Shangrao area were mainly mild and common, and the overall therapeutic efficacies of antiviral medication were good.
  • Epidemiological Analysis on 237 Patients with AIDS in Zhengzhou from 2017 to 2019 and Their Prevention and Control Strategy
    FENG Yue-jing, WANG Zhi-gang
    2020, 17(12): 1791-1794. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.12-024
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    Objective: To analyze the epidemic status of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) virus in Zhengzhou from 2017 to 2019, and to provide reference for the clinical formulation of prevention measures of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Methods: The clinical data of 237 AIDS patients reported by in Zhengzhou medical and health institutions from 2017 to 2019 were collected, and the epidemiological characteristics of HIV and their prevention and treatment measures were analyzed. Results： Among the 237 AIDS patients, the number of AIDS patients in 2019 was the highest (40.93%), followed by 2018 (34.18%) and 2017 (24.89%). In the 3 years, 67.51% of AIDS patients were male and 32.49% were female. 40.92% of patients aged were between 20 and 30 years, 28.69% of patients aged were between 30 and 40 years, and only 1.69% were over 60 years old. From the perspective of occupation, 48.10% were farmers, 19.83% were waiters, and only 1.69% were civil servants. The transmission routes were sexual transmission (40.51%), blood transmission (29.96%) and other transmission (29.53%). Conclusion: In this city, young adults aged between 20 and 40 years old have a high incidence of HIV infection. Among them, males are higher than females and their occupations are mainly farmers. The way of infection is mainly through sexual transmission. The above population should be taken as the focus of prevention and control in clinical practice, and health promotion and corresponding protective measures should be taken actively to reduce the transmission of HIV.
  • Reason Analysis on 1 Case with Thrombocytopenia Induced by Linezolid*1
    ZHANG Nai-ju, ZHANG Fan, CHEN Tian-ping, LIU Jin-chun, XU Kui-hua
    2020, 17(12): 1822-1824. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.12-034
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    Objective: To analyze the reasons and treatment of adverse drug reactions of thrombocytopenia induced by linezolid. Methods: For one case of spontaneous peritonitis, the platelet count showed a progressive decline after the antiinfective treatment with linezolid. The reasons and correlation of the adverse drug reactions caused by linezolid were analyzed. Results： There was no correlation between the decrease of platelet count and the blood concentration of linezolid. After the discontinuation of linezolid and the replacement of teicoplanin with anti-infective medication, the platelet count gradually increased. When it was increased to 81×109/L, linezolid was used again, and the original platelet count was progressively reduced to 28×109/L again. The platelet count was increased to 61×109/L 7 days after the replacement of teicoplanin with anti-infection medication. Conclusion: There is a correlation between the reason of thrombocytopenia and linezolid, so it is believed that the cause of thrombocytopenia is caused by linezolid, which should be paid more attention when using linezolid anti-infective medication in clinic.
  • Analysis on Related Factors of 64 Patients of Adverse Drug Reactions Induced by Guhong Injection
    MA Huan-qing, MA Chang-xing, SUN Bo, ZHANG Er-feng
    2020, 17(12): 1825-1829. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.12-035
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    Objective: To analyze the related factors and occurrence characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADR) caused by Guhong injection, and to provide references for rational clinical medication of drugs. Methods: The internet was used to search PubMed, Wanfang Database, CNKI database, CQVIP database, DAYI100 Network and the National Adverse Drug Reactions Monitoring System reported by hospitals from January 2005 to February 2020 with the keywords of "Guhong Injection", "adverse reactions", "case analysis" and "influencing factors". Relevant Guhong injection reported ADRs induced by injection were collected, the basic condition of the patients with statistics, the time of the ADRs, involving system/organs and clinical characteristics, different severity of ADRs prepared by the WHO classification score method, and the grade of adverse drug reaction and its outcome were analyzed to explore the influencing factors of ADRs. Results： 32 literatures meeting the inclusion criteria were selected, involving 64 patients (including 38 males and 26 females). The incidence of ADRs in patients over 55 years old accounted for 76.57%, most of which occurred within 1 day of medication (53 patients, 82.81%). ADRs mainly involved skin and accessory injuries, respiratory system injuries and systemic allergic reactions.The recovery time was usually within 1 and 3 days after drug withdrawal or symptomatic treatment. Conclusion: The adverse reactions caused by Guhong injection involved multiple organs and might even lead to anaphylactic shock. Therefore, it is necessary to pay a close attention and closely monitor the clinical use of this drug so as to contain or reduce the occurrence of ADRs.
  • Pharmaceutical Care for Clinical Anti-fungal Medication in a Patient with Aspergillus Niger Pulmonary Infection*1
    CHEN Qian, ZHANG Ji, YANG Hang, ZHANG Xiu-hong
    2020, 17(12): 1831-1834. https://doi.org/10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2020.12-037
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    Objective: To explore the role of clinical pharmacists participating in the anti-infective medication for patient with Aspergillus Niger pulmonary infection. Methods: The clinical pharmacist participated in the process of anti-infective medication for a patient infected by Aspergillus niger, who was detected by next-generation sequencing, assisting physicians to adjust anti-infective medication plan, and its pharmaceutical care. Results： After amphotericin B treatment, the antifungal medication of Aspergillus Niger infective patient was effectively controlled; the pulmonary lesions tended to close, and the condition was relatively stable. Conclusion: Clinical pharmacists participated in clinical antifungal therapy for patients with Aspergillus Niger to ensure the safety and effectiveness of medication.